It has anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and stress-reducing properties. Lavender essential oil is obtained from the flowers of the lavender plant ( Lavandula angustifolia). However, at higher doses, it may actually increase some inflammatory cytokine production.
lower levels of inflammatory cytokines both in and outside their intestinesĬlove EO appears to affect the immune response by reducing inflammatory cytokines produced by some immune cells. reduced levels of immune cells like macrophages, monocytes, and T cells in their large intestine. fewer signs of cell death and inflammation in their large intestine. lower levels of bacteria in their small and large intestines. Researchers found that, compared with mice receiving a placebo, mice that were given clove EO had: The exact effect depended on the dose of clove EO and whether the macrophages had already been activated.Ī 2021 study looked into the effects of clove EO in a mouse model of campylobacteriosis, a type of bacterial food poisoning. It found that clove EO could promote some inflammatory cytokines while hindering others. Meanwhile, the immune response associated with antibodies and other proteins was boosted.Ī 2015 study looked into the effects of clove EO on laboratory-grown macrophages. It found that clove EO reduced the immune response related to T cells and innate immune cells, lowering inflammation levels. Clove EO has been used for hundreds of years in traditional medicinal practices to ease pain and help wounds.Ī 2011 study investigated clove EO in rats. It has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and pain-easing properties. It also appears to reduce the levels of inflammatory cytokines produced by these cells.Ĭlove essential oil comes from the dried flower buds of the Syzygium aromaticum tree. SummaryĮucalyptus EO may increase the activity of some types of innate immune cells. While low or moderate doses stimulated phagocytosis in T cells, higher doses actually hindered the process. Lastly, a 2020 study looked at the effect of different doses of eucalyptol, a component of eucalyptus EO, in rats. It found that eucalyptus EO significantly reduced cytokines associated with inflammation and enhanced phagocytosis. It also promoted phagocytosis and increased the numbers of some innate immune cells in rats.Ī 2017 study supports this, also reporting that eucalyptus EO affected innate immune cells, specifically macrophages. It may also help reduce cytokines associated with inflammation that are produced by some immune cells.Ī 2008 study found that eucalyptus EO boosted phagocytosis and reduced levels of inflammatory cytokines in laboratory-grown innate immune cells. Some research indicates that eucalyptus EO can enhance phagocytosis, a process immune cells use to engulf, or “eat,” a germ. It has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and it has a long history of use for ailments like a cough and respiratory infections. Examples of cells in the adaptive immune response are B cells and T cells.Įucalyptus essential oil comes from the leaves of the eucalyptus tree ( Eucalyptus globulus). MOLECULES IN WORD FOR MAC HOW TO
After exposure to an antigen, the adaptive immune system learns how to respond to it again in the future. The adaptive immune response is specific and associated with memory. The innate immune response also often leads to inflammation, which is typically promoted by the release of specific cytokines. Innate immune cells recognize patterns on foreign substances and can go on to activate the adaptive response. There are many types of innate immune cells.
Think of the cells of the innate immune system as first responders. The innate response is non-specific and happens immediately. While they both work closely together, they each have different functions.
There are two types of immune response - innate and adaptive.
This involves signaling between the different cells of the immune system by both cell-to-cell contact and by signaling molecules called cytokines. Once an antigen is recognized, an immune response is generated. An example of an antigen is the spike protein found on the surface of the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. Your immune system is activated when it encounters something it considers to be a harmful foreign substance. Overall, your immune system is a complex network of tissues and cells that works to defend you against harmful factors, such as:
Before we discuss EOs and immunity, it’s important to know a little bit about your immune system.
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